Internal combustion engine



Jan. 9, 1934.

A. J. MEYER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 30,1950 INVENTOR.

flmire J Me A TTORNE Y.

A. J. MEYER Jan. 9, 1934.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 30, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

flnare J Myer A TTORNEY.

Patented Jan. 9, 1934 UNITED STATES PT NT F F ICE INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINE Andre J. Meyer, Detroit, Mich, assignor to 'Con b tinental MotorsCorporation, Detroit, Mich, a corporation of Virginia Application May30, 1930. Serial No. 457,625

31 Claims. (Cl. 12375) My invention relates to internal combustion en-Figure 7 is a detail sectional view taken on the gines and moreparticularly to a sleeve valve enline 77 of Figure 5, gine and the meansfor creating a maximum of Figure 8 is a fragmentary verticalsectional'view turbulence in the combustion chamber. illustrating afurther modified form of construc- In sleeve valve engines in which thefuel is intion, and 60 jected into the cylinder through intake portsFigures 9 and 16 are horizontal sectional views cated in the cylinderwall, there is a tendency for taken on the lines 99 and 1010respectively the vaporized fuel to swirl. Various means have of Figure8. been devised to eliminate or control the swirling The engineillustrated in the accompanying 10 action because increased turbulencemay be obdrawings comprises a cylinder block 10 of the 65 tained with aconsequent increase in power if the usual construction, which isprovided with a fuel is prevented from swirling to a desirable cylinder11 provided respectively with the indegree. take and exhaust ports 12and 13 and intake It is an object of my invention to increase the andexhaust chambers 12 and 13' respectively,

15 efficiency of an internal combustion engine of the these chamberscommunicating with the usual 70 sleeve valve type by providing means forpreintake and exhaust manifolds respectively desigventing the incomingvaporized fuel from swirlnated by the reference characters 14 and 15.ing in the cylinder to the extent that it would if The intake manifold14 and intake chamber 12 the swirl is not controlled by the improvementsmay be designated as the fuel mixture conductherein described. ingmeans. As illustrated in the drawings, I 75 Another object of myinvention is to break up have provided a single sleeve valve means 16 ormodify the swirling action of the vaporized which is ported for intakeand exhaust. said fuel in the cylinder of a sleeve valve engine bysleeve ports cooperating respectively with the providing means forgiving a directional force to cylinder intake and exhaust ports '12 and'13,

the incoming fuel to control its direction so that the sleeve intakeport 17 being shown in the 80 in the specific embodiment illustrated apart of drawings as in registration with the cylinder the vaporized fuelflows in an opposite direction intake port, and the piston A is locatedatv apfrom the remainder of the fuel, said opposed fuel proximately topdead center and at the. beginstreams being arranged to meet and thuscounterning of the intake cycle. A cylinder head 18'. is

so act or modify the tendency of the combustible secured to the cylinderblock and is provided .85 gases to swirl. with a reentrant head portiondepending within For a more detailed understanding of my in the Cylinderand SpacedfrOm the Walls thereof ventign referen e may be had to theaccompany to provide a sleeve pocket 20 adapted to receive ing drawingswhich illustrate one form which my if 5 pgrtion f i 11 l g invention maassume, and in which: T is epen mg Gym er ea p0 ion Figure 1 is avertical sectional view through a tends below the edge of h cylinderportion sleeve valve internal combustion engine conas Clearly shown. Inthe drawmgsifor structed in accordance with my invention and f will bei' dfiscnbed more m' howing the improved reentrant cylinder head Tnedependmg. Gyhnder ead.18 t t S cular wall portion 18a depending withinthe cyl- .95

struicture dependmg .Wlthm the f i inder and is constructed to provide.a combustion i 1S honzqntal SeCt1Ona1 VeW taken chamber 18b preferablylocated concentrically substantlany the hne of Flgure 1 and with thecylinder axis. The depending wall porshowmg cylmder head smug/cure tion18a of the cylinder head is preferably..un r

F gure 3 1s a fragmentary sectlonal view taken dercut as at 18c andcooperatively 'm L100 at light angles t F1gure filowmg h entrant withthe sleeve valve means and piston A to pro- Portlon of the cyhndfer headIn elfavatloni vide an annular chamber 21 surrounding the Figure 4 is ahorizontal detail sectional view combustion chamber 181), this chamber1813 being through a portion of the depending cylinder head locatedsubstantially internally of wall. 18aand taken Substantially on the lineof Figure the chamber 21 being located substantially exgu e 5 s afragmentary 86013101131 View Of a ternally thereof. Even though in someinstances portion of an engine illustrating a cylinder head it is d m tform id Outer annular chamof modified construction, her by recessing thepiston, the said annular Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional view takenon chamber may still be said to surround the comthe line 6-6 of Figure5, bustion chamber 18b.

the cylinder as clearly shown in Figure 3.

The incoming fuel is injected through the intake ports of the cylinderand the sleeve valve means, and the flow of the vaporized fuel is socontrolled as to break up the tendency for this fuel to swirl within thecylinder. This is accomplished by providing deflecting means preferablycarried by the cylinder head structure which deflects the incoming fueland imparts thereto a directional force causing a portion of the fuel toflow in one direction and the remainder to flow in the oppositedirection, these fuel streams being adapted to meet and set up aturbulence that counteracts or modifies the tendency of the fuel toswirl. With reference to Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, it is noted that theannular chamber 21 is constructed in the lower portion of the cylinderhead structure, this annular chamber 21 extending around thecircumferential lower edge of the reentrant head portion of the cylinderhead structure adjacent to the cylinder wall and preferably within thelimit of the sleeve valve means. Directly in line with the cylinderintake port, the cylinder head portion is provided with the recesses orgrooves 22,

22a which are inclined to the vertical axis of The incoming fuel mixtureadmitted through the sleeve intake port is thus divided, a portionthereof being deflected by the groove 22 while streams will meet at ornear that portion of the cylinder or combustion chamber diametricallyopposite to the intake port.

Preferably, the major portion of the fuel mixture introduced into thecylinder is acted upon and so divided as to direct the divided portions'of the fuel mixture to flow in diverging directions; i. e., the fuelmixture divided portions tend to swirl in opposite directions andcounteract or modify each other to fully eliminate the swirl or socontrol the swirl as to provide any desired resultant swirl. In theillustrated embodiment of my invention I have shown a construction inwhich substantially all the fuel mixture is acted upon and divided insuch a way that portions of substantially equal mass are 'swirled inopposite directions, but I wish it to be understood that I am notlimited to an equal mass distribution, since in some instances it maybe. more desirable to distribute or divide the incoming fuel mixtureinto portions of unequal mass for controlling the swirl to any desiredde- 'gree.

Further, the construction may be such as to control the swirl by anarrangement whereby said fuel mixture portions may be caused to swirlwith different velocities. Thus broadly my invention relates to meansfor controlling 'or modifying the swirl and it may be noted that thisaction preferably takes place substantially throughout the entire intakestroke of the engine.

In Figures 5 to '7 inclusive a modified form of construction isillustrated which shows a partition or dividing flange 25 preferablycarried by the cylinder head structure and cast integrally therewith.Part of the incoming fuel is directed to one side of this dividingflange or partition 25 while the remainder is directed to the other sideof the partition. It is noted that the side faces of the dividing orpartition wall 25, form the ends of the annular chamber 21, the ends ofthis annular chamber being inclined to the axis of the cylinder as shownin Figure 5 so that the fuel stream directed into the annular chamber atone side of the wall or partition 25, is given a directional force,causing the same to flow in a direction opposite to the flow of the fueldelivered to the combustion chamber on the opposite side of thisdividing wall or partition 25. It is noted that the cylinder head, asillustrated in the Figures 5 to 7 inclusive, and described above isprovided with only one partition or dividing wall for impartingdirectional forces to the incoming fuel stream.

In Figures 8 to 10 inclusive, a further modified construction isillustrated and shows the cylinder head structure provided with theflanges or ribs 30 that are inclined at an angle to the cylinder axis asshown in Figure 8, these inclined ribs being spaced from the insidesurface of the sleeve valve means and being preferably constructed ofjust sufficient depth as to induce the incoming fuel to flow in thedesired direction.

It will thus be noted that I have provided a deflecting means which maybe contained within the cylinder and also within the sleeve valve meansmounted within the cylinder, which will be engaged by the stream ofincoming fuel. This deflecting means will divide the fuel stream and sodirect the same as to cause the same to flow in opposite directions,thereby in some instances set ting up a turbulence within the cylinderso that the vaporized fuel will not have the tendency to swirl and inother instances modifying the swirl to any desired predetermined degree.

Further, it will be noted that I have provided a very simple means forcontrolling the swirl of the fuel mixture for accomplishing the purposeof my invention described above.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which my inventionpertains, that various modifications and changes may be made thereinwithout departing from the spirit of my invention or from the scope ofthe appended claims.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means for said cylinder havingports cooperating with the cylinder ports, a cylinder head structurehaving a portion depending within said cylinder and spaced from thewalls thereof to form a sleeve pocket, said depending cylinder headportion and sleeve valve means cooperating to form bounding walls of acombustion chamber, and one of said bounding walls provided with fuelmixture conducting means associated with said engine means fordeflecting a portion of the incoming fuel mixture to flow in a directionopposite to the flow of the remainder of the fuel mixture.

2. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports,

sleeve valve means for said cylinder having ports cooperating with thecylinder ports, a cylinder head structure having a portion dependingwithin said cylinder and spaced from the walls thereof to form a sleevepocket, said depending cylinder head portion and sleeve valve meanscooperating to form bounding walls of a combustion chamber, fuel mixtureconducting means associated with said engine and one of said boundingwalls provided with means within the cylinder for deflecting a portionof the incoming fuel mixture to flow in a direction opposite to the flowof the remainder of the fuel mixture.

3. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means for said cylinder havingports cooperating with the cylinder ports, a cylinder head structurehaving a portion depending within said cylinder and spaced from thewalls thereof to form a sleeve pocket, said depending cylinder headportion and sleeve valve means cooperating to form bounding walls of acombustion chamber, and one of said bounding walls provided with meansfor dividing said incoming fuel stream and directing one part of thefuel stream to swirl in the opposite direction from the other part ofthe fuel stream.

4. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means for said cylinder havingports cooperating with the cylinder ports, a cylinder head structurehaving a portion depending within said cylinder and spaced from thewalls thereof to form a sleeve pocket, and means cooperating with thedepending cylinder head portion for directing a portion of the incomingfuel to swirl in the opposite direction from the remainder of the fuel.

5. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means for said cylinder havingports cooperating with the cylinder ports, a cylinder head structurehaving a portion depending within said cylinder and spaced from thewalls thereof to form a sleeve pocket, and deflecting means carried bythe depending cylinder head portion for directing a portion of theincoming fuel to swirl in the opposite direction from the remainder ofthe fuel.

6. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means for said cylinder havingports cooperating with the cylinder ports, a cylinder head structureprovided with a portion depending within said cylinder intake port, anddeflecting means carried by the lower portion of said depending head fordirecting a portion of the incoming fuel to swirl in the oppositedirection from the remainder of the fuel.

7. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means for said cylinder havingports cooperating with the cylinder ports, a cylinder head structurehaving a portion depending within said cylinder and extended below thetop edge of the cylinder intake port, said depending cylinder headconstructed to provide an annular chamber extending around the lowercircumferential edge thereof, and means carried by said dependingcylinder head for deflecting the incoming fuel to flow in oppositedirections in said annular chamber.

8. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means for said cylinder havingports cooperating with the cylinder ports, a cylinder head structurehaving a portion depending within said cylinder and extended below thetop edge of the cylinder intake port, said depending cylinder headconstructed to provide an annular chamber extending around the lowercircumferential edge thereof, and deflecting means adjacent the cylinderintake port and carried by said head for dividing the incoming fuel anddirecting one part thereof to flow in the annular chamber in a directionopposite to the direction taken by the remainder of the fuel.

9. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means for said cylinder havingports cooperating with the cylinder ports, a cylinder head structurehaving a portion depending within said cylinder and extended below thetop edge of the cylinder intake port, said depending cylinder headconstructed to provide an annular chamber extending around the lowercircumferential edge thereof, and deflecting means inclined to thecylinder axis and carried by said head adjacent the cylinder intake portfor deflecting a portion of the fuel to flow in said annular chamber inthe opposite direction from the remainder of the fuel.

10. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure provided with fuelintake and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means for said cylinder havingports cooperating with the cylinder ports, a cylinder head structurehaving a portion depending within said cylinder and extended below thetop edge of the cylinder intake port, said depending cylinder headconstructed to provide an annular chamber extending around the lowercircumferential edge thereof, and means for dividing the stream ofincoming fuel and directing one part of said fuel stream to flow aroundsaid annular passage in the opposite direction from the remainder ofsaid fuel stream.

11. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder and cooperatingcylinder head, valve means associated therewith, a piston operating insaid cylinder, said piston and cylinder head constructed and cooperatingtogether to form outer bounding walls of a circumferential annularchamber located adjacent the cylinder wall, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated with said engine, and one of said bounding wallscarrying means acting on the incoming fuel mixture to direct a portionof the fuel mixture to flow in the annular chamber in a directionopposite to the direction taken by the remainder of the fuel mixture.

12. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder and cooperatingcylinder head, valve means associated therewith, a piston operating insaid cylinder, said piston and cylinder head constructed and cooperatingtogether to form outer bounding walls of a circumferential annularchamber located adjacent the cylinder wall, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated with said engine, and one of said bounding wallscarrying means acting on the incoming fuel mixture tending to induce aportion of the fuel mixture to swirl in an opposite direction to theremainder of the fuel mixture flow.

13. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type andincluding a cylinder having intake port means, fuel 'mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating with thecylinder intake port means, said piston, sleeve valve means and cylindercooperating to form the bounding walls of a combustion chamber and oneof said combustion chamber walls provided with means acting on'the fuelmixture introduced to the engine during at least the initial portion ofthe intake period whereby to control the swirling of the fuel mixture.

14. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type andincluding a cylinder having intake port means, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating with thecylinder intake port'means, said piston, sleeve valve means and cylindercooperating to form the bounding walls of a combustion chamber and oneof said combustion chamber walls provided with means acting on the fuelmixture introduced to the engine for dividing the fuel mixture in saidengine whereby to control the swirling of the fuel mixture.

15. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type andincluding a cylinder having intake port means, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating with thecylinder intake port means, said piston, sleeve valve means and cylindercooperating to form the bounding walls of a combustion chamber and oneof said combustion chamber walls provided with means acting on the fuelmixture for dividing at least the major portion of fuel mixtureintroduced to the engine and inducing one divided portion to swirl inone direction and another divided portion to swirl in the oppositedirection whereby to control the swirling of the fuel mixture in theengine.

16. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type andincluding a cylinder having intake port means, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating with thecylinder intake port means, said piston, sleeve valve means and cylindercooperating to form the bounding walls of a combustion chamber and oneof said combustion chamber walls provided with means acting on the fuelmixture for dividing at least the major portion of fuel mixtureintroducedto the engine into portions of substantially equal mass andinducing one divided portion to swirl in one direction and anotherdivided portion to swirl in the opposite direction whereby to controlthe swirling of the fuel mixture in the engine.

17. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type andincluding a cylinder having intake port means, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating with thecylinder intake port means, said piston, sleeve valve means and cylindercooperating to form the bounding walls of combustion chamber and one ofsaid combustion chamber walls provided with means acting on the fuelmixture introduced to the engine to induce portions of the same to swirlcircumferentially of the engine cylinder in opposite directions wherebyto modify the tendency of the fuel mixture to swirl in said engine.

18 In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type andincluding a cylinder having intake port means, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating 1th the cylinderintake port means, a cylinder head structure, said piston and cylinderhead constructed and cooperating to form bounding walls of an annularchamber within the boundaries of the sleeve valve means, and one of saidbounding walls provided with means acting on the fuel mixture introducedto the engine for dividing the fuel mixture whereby to control theswirling of the fuel mixture.

19. In an internal comb 'sion engine of the sleeve valve type andincluding a cylinder having intake port means, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating with thecylinder intake port means, a cylinder head structure, said piston andcylinder head constructed and cooperating to form bounding walls of anannular chamber within the boundaries of the sleeve valve means, and oneof said bounding walls provided with means acting on the fuel mixtureintroduced to the engine for inducing portions of the fuel mixture toswirl in said annular chamber in opposite directions whereby to controlthe swirling of the fuel mixture in said engine.

20. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type andincluding a cylinder having intake port means, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating with thecylinder intake port means, a cylinder head structure, said piston andcylinder head constructed and cooperating to provide a primarycombustion chamber and to form bounding walls of an annular chambersurrounding the primary combustion chamber, and one of bounding wallsprovided with means acting on the fuel mixture introduced to the enginefor dividing same and inducing portions of the fuel mixture to swirl insaid annular chamber in opposite directions whereby to control theswirling of the fuel mixture in said engine.

21. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type andincluding cylinder having intake port means, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating with thecylinder intake port means, a cylinder head structure having a wallportion extending inwardly of the cylinder and constructed to provide aninner combustion chamber and an outer annular chamber substantiallysurrounding the inner combustion chamber, and said cylinder headstructure provided with means acting on the fuel mixtur introduced intosaid annular chamber to induce counteracting swirling fuel mixturemasses for controlling the swirling of the fuel mixture in the'engine.

22. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type andincludin a cylinder having intake port means, fuel mixture conductingmeans associated therewith, a piston operable within the cylinder,sleeve valve means having intake port means cooperating with thecylinder intake port means, a cylinder head structure having a wallportion extending inwardly of the cylinder and constructed to provide aninner combustion chamber and outer annular chamber substantiallysurrounding the inner combustion chamber, and deflecting means carriedby said cylinder head for dividing the fuel mixture introduced to saidannular chamber to induce a 23. In an internal combustion engine havinga cylinder and cooperating cylinder head, valve means associatedtherewith, a piston operating in said cylinder, said piston and cylinderhead constructed and cooperating together to form with means acting onthe incoming fuel mixture to direct a portion of the fuel mixture toflow in the annular chamber in a direction opposite to the directiontaken by another portion of the fuel mixture.

24. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder and cooperatingcylinder head, valve means associated therewith, a piston operating insaid cylinder, said piston and cylinder head constructed and cooperatingtogether to form bounding walls of a circumferential annular chamberlocated adjacent the cylinder wall, fuel mixture conducting meansassociated with said engine, and one of said bounding walls providedwith means acting on the incoming fuel mixture tending to induce aportion of the fuel mixture to swirl in an opposite direction to anotherportion of the fuel mixture flow.

25. In an internal combustion engine and including a cylinder havingintake port means, fuel mixture conducting means associated therewith, apiston operable in the cylinder, valve means cooperating with saidcylinder intake port means, said piston, valve means and cylindercooperating to form bounding walls of a combustion chamber, and one ofsaid bounding walls provided with means acting on the fuel mixtureintroduced to the engine to induce counteracting swirling fuel mixturemasses for controlling the swirling of the fuel mixture in the engine.

26. In an internal combustion engine and including a cylinder havingintake port means, fuel mixture conducting means associated therewith, apiston operable in the cylinder, valve means cooperating with saidcylinder intake port means, said piston, valve means and cylindercooperating to form bounding walls of a combustion chamber, and one ofsaid bounding walls provided with means acting on the fuel mixtureintroduced to the engine during at least the initial portion of theintake period whereby to control the swirling of the fuel mixture.

2'7. In an internal combustion engine and including a cylinder havingintake port means, fuel mixture conducting means associated therewith, apiston operable in the cylinder, valve means cooperating with saidcylinder intake port means, said piston, valve means and cylindercooperating to form bounding walls of a combustion chamber, and one ofsaid bounding walls provided with means acting on the fuel mixtureintroduced to the engine for dividing the fuel mixture in said enginewhereby to control the swirling of the fuel mixture.

28. In an internal combustion engine and including a cylinder havingintake port means, fuel mixture conducting means associated therewith, apiston operable in the cylinder, valve means cooperating with saidcylinder intake port means, said piston, valve means and. cylindercooperating to form bounding walls of a combustion chamber, and one ofsaid bounding walls provided with means acting on the fuel mixtureintroduced to the engine for dividing the fuel mixture and inducingportions of same to swirl in opposite directions to control the swirlingof the fuel mixture in said engine.

29. In an internal combustion engine and including a cylinder havingintake port means, fuel mixture conducting means associated therewith, apiston operable in the cylinder, valve means cooperating with saidcylinder intake port means, a cylinder head structure, said piston andcylinder head constructed and cooperating together to form boundingwalls of an annular chamber, and one of said bounding walls providedwith means acting on the fuel mixture introduced to the engine to inducecounteracting swirling fuel mixture masses in said annular chamber forcontrolling the swirling of the fuel mixture in the engine.

30. In an internal combustion engine and including a cylinder havingintake port means, fuel mixture conducting means associated therewith, apiston operable in the cylinder, valve means cooperating with saidcylinder intake port means, a cylinder head structure, said piston andcylinder head constructed and cooperating together to form boundingwalls of an annular chamber, and one of said bounding walls providedwith means acting on the fuel mixture introduced to the engine fordividing the fuel mixture and directing portions of same to swirl inopposite directions within said annular chamber circumferentially of thecylinder to control the swirling of the fuel mixture in the engine.

31. In an internal combustion engine and including a cylinder havingintake port means, fuel mixture conducting means associated therewith, apiston operable in the cylinder, valve means cooperating with saidcylinder intake port means, a cylinder head structure, said piston andcylinder head constructed and cooperating together to form boundingwalls of an annular chamber, and one of said bounding walls providedwith means within said annular chamber and acting on the fuel mixtureintroduced there- 1 in for dividing the fuel mixture and inducing sameto flow in opposite directions in said annular chamber circumferentiallyof the cylinder for controlling the swirling of the fuel mixture in theengine.

ANDRE J. MEYER.

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